Consider a situation in which many cars are on a single lane road entering a tunnel. Assume that the cars, as often occurs, are moving at a speed that is less than that associated with maximum flow (why?). A traffic signal which literally stops traffic and then permits it to go at a fixed rate (what?) is installed and is shown to increase the flow of cars through the tunnel. Explain why. See the attached “Vehicular Traffic Flow” by Robert Herman and Keith Gardels, Scientific American, vol. 209, issue 6, pp. 35-43 (also available in our library at Q1 .S357).
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